STS-28

**STS-28**
Organization	Department of Defense (United States), NASA-Office of Space Flight (United States)
Mission type	Human Crew
Launch date	August 8, 1989
Launch vehicle	Space Shuttle
Launch site	Cape Canaveral, United States
COSPAR ID	1989-061A
Inclination	57 degrees
Experiments	Here
Alternate Names	20164
Additional Information	Here
Data Collection	Here
Payload Mass Up	Classified kg
Payload Mass Down	Classified kg
Orbiter	Columbia
Lift Off Mass	Classified kg
Orbiter Weight at Liftoff	Classified kg
Orbiter Weight at Landing	Classified kg
Landed	Runway 17 dry lake bed at Edwards Air Force Base, Calif.

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[edit] Crew

Commander: Brewster H. Shaw
Pilot: Richard N. Richards
- Mission Specialist 1: David C. Leestma
- Mission Specialist 2: James C. Adamson
- Mission Specialist 3: Mark N. Brown

[edit] Mission

The oldest shuttle orbiter Columbia, having undergone extensive return-to-flight refurbishment, was launched on a DOD mission from Cape Canaveral. Columbia was the last of the orbiters to be retro-fitted with some 250 modifications, changes ranging from a crew escape system, improved wiring and thermal protection, to replacements for individual brackets, blankets and panels. Because of its age and flight history, the veteran spacecraft required more attention than its sister orbiters. Its first flight since January 1986 marked the successful completion of the fleet upgrade in the post-Challenger era. Ten seconds after launch, Columbia underwent a 140 deg. roll maneuver, targeting it for a 57 degree inclination. The STS 28 crew included Commander Brewster H. Shaw, Pilot Richard N. Richards and mission specialists David C Leestma, James C. Adamson and Mark N. Brown. Columbia touched down on Edwards AFB runway 17 after 5 days, 1 hr in space.