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... had been approved for the first High Energy Astronomy Observatory ( HEAO ) mission, to make an x-ray survey of the sky from low earth orbit in 1977, NASA announced. Contracts totaling ... to determine precisely the celestial position, size, and structure of selected cosmic x-ray sources; and a hard x-ray and low-energy gamma ray experiment to determine the intensity and other properties of certain x-rays and gamma rays. ''(NASA Release 74-79)'' The U.S.S.R.'s Aeroflot ...

Evidence of a possible second black hole, from observations by x-ray astronomy satellite Uhuru (Explorer 42, launched 12 Dec. 1970) between January 1971 and February ... great that even light could not escape. Uhuru had detected radiation from the x-ray source Circinus X-1 with characteristics similar to those detected in 1972 by Uhuru and in 1973 ... energy spectrum had showed changes from 2 to 20 kes. No optical counterpart for the x-ray source had been found. Black holes might be an answer to two basic problems ...

... 7 ( Orbiting Solar Observatory launched 29 Sept 1971)-had revealed a previously unidentified class of x-ray sources associated with very old star clusters, Science reported. In at least five documented ... plentiful in globular clusters than in the galactic disk, indicated that some different process of x-ray production was at work. Scientists offered three explanations for the findings: existence of very ...

... as his deputy; he had served in that position until his death in 1965. (NASA X-Press, 26 Mar 76; program) Marshall Space Flight Center forecast completion by 1 April of ... and most significant construction jobs undertaken in the past 10 yr-at the Center, an x-ray test facility costing about $4 million. The new facility included a 305-m-long ... for NASA's High Energy Astronomy Observatory (HERO) program; later it would be used in x-ray verification testing and calibration of mirrors, telescope systems, and instruments, for rocket payloads in ...

... Astrophysical Observatory said: "The significance of today's event is that for the first time x-ray astronomy has become of age, and it has achieved the kind of resolution and ... the future," and noted the telescope was 100 to 1000 times more sensitive than previous x-ray detectors placed above earth's atmosphere. The picture reconstructed by computer from data radioed ... be the best candidate for a black hole; observations by a smaller x-ray satellite had shown that its x-ray emissions were unlike those seen from other objects. (W Star, Nov ...

... program after having invested nearly US$1 billion in developing a reusable launching vehicle. The X-33 program, contracted to Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company, had sought to build the world ... new vehicle would have significantly improved on the Shuttle. NASA officials had hoped that the X-33 would lead to development of the VentureStar vehicle, for transporting people and cargo into ...

... was truly diffuse or derived from numerous discrete sources. The scientists had used the Chandra X-ray Observatory to carry out an unprecedented survey of a region of the galactic plane ... located outside the Milky Way. In addition, Chandra’s survey had indicated that the diffuse x-ray emission revealed the galactic omnipresence of hot plasma with a higher energy density than any other substance in interstellar space. ''(NASA, “Astronomers Go Behind the Milky Way To Solve X-ray Mystery,” news release 01-161, 9 August 2001; Ken Ebisawa et al., “Origin of ...

... to observe, for the first time, the life cycles of x-ray jets ejected from a black hole. Scientists considered x-ray jets an extremely important phenomenon to understand, because they could ... speed of light, later decelerating and eventually disappearing. Astronomers were surprised to discover that the x-ray jet farthest from Earth was three times brighter than the jet that traveled closer ... ,” news release 02-189, 3 October 2002; S. Corbel et al., “Large-Scale, Decelerating, Relativistic X-ray Jets from the Microquasar XTE J1550-564,” Science n.s. 298, no. 5591 (4 ...

... altitude of 100 kilometers (62.1 miles) twice within 14 days, thus winning the Ansari X Prize competition. The spacecraft launched at 7:00 a.m. (PST) from Mojave Airport in ... the spacecraft, and Microsoft cofounder Paul G. Allen had financed the project. (X PRIZE Foundation, “Ansari X PRIZE,” http://space.xprize.org/ansari-x-prize (accessed 12 May 2009); Scaled Composites , “ SpaceShipOne Captures ...

... category, receiving US $500,000 for second place. Modeled after the US$10 million Ansari X-Prize competition for private-sector spaceflight, NGLLXPC was one of NASA’s Centennial Challenges, intended ... release, 12 November 2009, http://www.googlelunarxprize.org/media/news/1650000-northrop-grumman-lunar-lander-x-prize-challenge-ngllxpc-awarded-nov-5-2009 (accessed 5 December 2011); Alan Boyle, “Rocketeers Win ...

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