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Second U.S.- International Geophysical year IGY satellite, VANGUARD I , launched into orbit with life expectancy of perhaps a 1,000 years, a highly successful scientific satellite which proved that the earth is slightly pear shaped. Operating on solar-powered batteries, it was still transmitting after 3 years in orbit. An experiment testing the behavior of crews under conditions of long ...

Dr. Herbert F. York was appointed as Chief Scientist for DOD's Advanced Research Projects Agency.

Space program for the United States proposed by the U.S.- International Geophysical year IGY Satellite Panel.

Two-stage monorail rocket-propelled sled exceeded 2,700 mph at Holloman AFB .

Navy demonstrated first dummy test of Polaris missile from "popup" launcher off San Clemente Island, from submerged launching platform.

Third U.S.- International Geophysical year IGY Satellite, EXPLORER II a joint ABMA-JPL project, successfully launched by Army Juno II , yielded valuable data on radiation belt, micrometeorite impacts, and temperature before returning to earth on June 27. President Eisenhower in a brief statement released the President's Science Advisory Committee's report, "Introduction to Outer Space: ...

President Eisenhower gave his approval to the plans for outer space exploration announced by Secretary of Defense Neil H. McElroy. The Advanced Research Projects Agency ( Advanced Research Projects Agency ARPA ) was to undertake several space projects including the launching of certain earth satellites and five space probes as a part of this country's contribution to the International ...

Naval Research Laboratory rocket firings in Danger Island region of the South Pacific from U.S.S. Point Defiance, reached 139, 148, 152, and 150 miles attitude to chart solar spectrum in the ultraviolet and X-ray portion.

Chief of Naval Operations directed that Glomb, Gorgon II-C, and Little Joe guided missiles be discontinued and that Gargoyle, Gorgon II-A, and Dove be limited to test and research vehicles. He directed that Loon be continued as a possible interim weapon, the Bat be completed, and the Kingfisher, Bumblebee, and Lark be continued as high-priority missile developments.

Development of a multichannel telemetering system announced by the Navy.

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