Contents of Spaceflight Magazine Volume 37

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VOL. 37 NO. 1 JANUARY 1995
Cosmodrome and Cosmonauts.
MOST FAMOUS COSMODROME Theo Pirard writes about the many interesting space facilities he visited at Baikonur. 2
SPACE STATION COSMONAUTS Activities at Mir between July and October 1994 are described by Neville Kidger. 7
EUROMIR 94 IN PICTURES Rolf Schoevaart presents photo coverage of the launch of ESA astronaut Ulf Merbold to Mir. 11
HELEN SHARMAN AT OPEN DAY Peter Gregory describes the enthusiasm and interest that greeted Britain's first astronaut. 12
AFGHAN COSMONAUT IN GERMANY Dr Neil Da Costa interviews Abdul Ahad Mohmand about his mission to Mir. Features. 13
SPACEHAB 'BACK IN BUSINESS' FOR BUSY THIRD FUGHT The main objectives of the forthcoming shuttle mission STS-63 are previewed by Ben Evans. 18
EARTH OBSERVATION TECHNOLOGY Theo Pirard reports on international plans for putting instrumentation into orbit. 20
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING FROM SPACE, Part 1 Basic Technology is explained in this space educational feature by Dr D.J. Belson. 23
INDIA'S ROCKET PROPELLANT DEVELOPMENTS The activity behind India's space launcher developments is outlined by Hormuz P. Mama. News & Events. 32
LAUNCH REPORT News of recent launches and forthcoming launch preparations. 14
EUROPEAN ASTRONAUT ON STS-66 MISSION ESA astronaut Jean-Francois Clervoy and European scientists participate in shuttle mission. 16
ASTRONOMICAL NOTEBOOK Items of astronomical news include new results from Hubble images. 31
SATELLITE DIGEST - 272 This month's listing of recent spacecraft launchings. Space Miscellany. 36
BOOK NOTICES of books likely to be of interest to readers are described. 26
SOCIETY NEWS From the British Interplanetary Society. 30
'SHUTTLE ACRONYMS' COMPETITION Videos are prizes for this month's competition. 30
Correspondence A selection of readers' letters. 33
VOL. 37 NO. 2 FEBRUARY 1995
Space on the Screen.
DESTINY IN SPACE A new IMAX film opens at Britain's only IMAX cinema with Neville Kidger at the premiere. 38
PUTTING SCIENCE INTO FICTION John Gosling tells how Japanese animation has used space themes to inspire and entertain. 41
HAVE ROCKET WILL TRAVEL Darren Burnham's film roundup finds astronautics drama lacks appeal; but what of Apollo 13? Features. 44
TITOV PREPARES FOR MIR RENDEZVOUS MISSION The upcoming STS-63 mission is marked by its logo and a photo selection. 52
THREE ULTRAVIOLET 'EYES' Ben Evans describes an astronomical payload that is set for a Shuttle launch in February. News and Events. 64
SPACE WEEKEND FOR STUDENTS AND TEACHERS Belgium's Euro Space Center hosts a major European space event described by Clive Simpson. 49
STUDENTS TEST ORIENTATION DEVICE Parabola flights take place for prize-winning experiment. 51
EUROMIR-94 MISSION Neville Kidger has details of Ulf Merbold's Mir visit for ESA studies of long-term flight. 53
MIR EXPERIMENTS: DETAILS REVEALED ESA's 29 experiments for the EuroMir-94 mission are listed. 59
STS-68 MISSION REPORT A report by Roelof Schuiling from the Kennedy Space Center. 60
LAUNCH REPORT News of recent launches and forthcoming launch preparations. 66
INTERNATIONAL Space Report Space news from around the world. 67
SATELLITE DIGEST - 273 This month's listing of recent spacecraft launchings. Space Miscellany. 72
'SPACE MOVIES' COMPETITION Books are prizes for this month's competition. 48
BOOK NOTICES of two books that are likely to be of interest to readers are described. 51
Correspondence A selection of readers' letters. Space and Politics. 69
VOL. 37 NO. 3 MARCH 1995
'NEWT' SPACE Newton Gingrich and a Republican Congress portend space policy changes writes Roger Handberg. 74
PROCESS OVER PRODUCT Joan Johnson-Freese and George M. Moore see a disturbing trend in space science. 75
DOOMED TO FAIL: The Birth and Death of the Space Exploration Initiative How political events led to SEI's birth and death are reviewed by Dwayne A. Day. 79
SPACE STATION US-Russian cooperation is analysed from a social science perspective by Michael Fulda. Feature. 84
DRAMATIC SPACE WALK No. 1 NEARLY MET DISASTER Rudolf van Beest recalls Alexei Leonov's daring mission on its 30th anniversary. News and Events. 97
SPECIAL ARTWORK IN ORBIT Roger G. Guillemette has the background story on some special items in STS-66's payload. 86
MIR SPACE STATION UPDATE Docking test clears the way for the mid-May launch of the Spectr module writes Neville Kidger. 99
STS-66 MISSION REPORT A report by Roelof Schuiling from the Kennedy Space Center. 100
LAUNCH REPORT News of recent launches and forthcoming launch preparations. 105
SATELLITE DIGEST - 274 This month's listing of recent spacecraft launchings. Astronomy Arena. 108
TRAVELLING TO THE STARS John Grayson Jr gives his views on what must be mankind's eventual journey. 87
LOOKING INSIDE STARS A new and exciting way of studying the inner structure of stars has been developed. 88
ASTRONOMY TEACHERS UNITE European astronomy teachers hold their first workshop and plan a Europe-wide network. 89
ABOUT GALAXY FORMATION Many questions need answers to fill in the events from the Big Bang to the present Milky Way. 89
HUBBLE RESULTS Spectacular images from the Hubble Space Telescope reveal new insights into the universe. 90
ASTRONOMICAL NOTEBOOK Contributions that spacecraft are making to astronomy. 92
BOOK NOTICES A selection of astronomy books likely to be of interest to readers. Space Miscellany. 93
'INTERSTELLAR PROBES' COMPETITION Videos are prizes for this month's competition. 92
CORRESPONDENCE A selection of readers' letters. 94
VOL. 37 NO. 4 APRIL 1995
APOLLO-13 LUNAR MISSION DRAMA Ed Hengeveld presents a pictorial commemoration and discusses What caused it all 7. 126
APOLLO 13: 'WHAT MIGHT HAVE BEEN' The objectives of the mission had it succeeded are outlined by Ben Evans. Space Technology. 130
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND THE SPACE SECTOR A policy for bringing space into the wider industrial fabric is discussed by Daniel Routier. 113
OPTICAL INTER-ORBIT COMMUNICATIONS Basic technology for a future infrastructure is being investigated by Europe and Japan. 116
SOVIET MILITARY SPACE PROGRAMMES IN THE 1980s Soviet early warning and reconnaissance satellites are discussed by Dwayne A. Day. 117
ISRAEL INVESTS IN SPACE TECHNOLOGY Launch vehicle and payload developments are outlined by Theo Pirard. 121
SMALL IS BEAUTIFUL Mini and Microsatellite developments around the world are reviewed by Theo Pirard. Features. 122
BIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION OF MARS Isaac G. Boxx gives his views on a quandary that provides more questions than answers. 125
EIGHTY-ONE DAYS IN SPACE Highlights of the seven space shuttle missions of 1994 are presented by Keith T Wilson. 131
SOVIET LUNAR DREAM THAT FADED Plans for a Soviet manned lunar mission that never took off are detailed by Bart Hendrickx. News and Events. 135
SHUTTLE-MIR SPECTACULAR Neville Kidger continues Mir Mission Report with an account of the rendezvous with Discovery. 110
LAUNCH REPORT News of recent launches and forthcoming launch preparations. 138
SATELLITE DIGEST - 275 This month's listing of recent spacecraft launchings. Space Miscellany. 144
Book Notices A selection of astronautics books likely to be of interest to readers. 120
'MICROGRAVITY FACILITIES' COMPETITION Books are prizes for this month's competition. 120
Correspondence A selection of readers' letters. US Space Shuttle. 140
VOL. 37 NO. 5 MAY 1995
SWITCHBOARD IN THE SKY Ben Evans previews the forthcoming shuttle mission STS-70 and its payloads. 146
STS-63 MISSION REPORT A report by Roelof Schuiling from the Kennedy Space Center. 150
ENDEAVOUR LAUNCHED ON LONGEST SHUTTLE MISSION The launch of STS-67 followed months of prelaunch activity described here by Roelof Schuiling. Features. 162
THERE'S NO SOY FUZZ IN "SOYUZ" Helpful advice on the correct pronunciation of Russian names is offered by James Oberg. 157
RUSSIAN SPACE SHUTTLE PROJECTS, 1957-1994, Part 1 Peter Pesavento presents the Russian shuttle story up to the demise of Project Spiral in 1978. 158
Space at JPL Dr William L. McLaughlin writes from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California on: RETURNING TO MARS: SPACE ARCHIVES; REUSABLE IDEAS. 165
MAX VALIER, 1895-1930 An anniversary commemoration of the work of this early rocket pioneer by Henry Matthews. 169
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING FROM SPACE, Part 2 Remote sensing satellite data and applications are explained by Dr D. J. Belson. News and Events. 176
DC-X TESTS TO RESUME An update of recent developments in the USA on SSTO technology by Paul Blase. 149
LAUNCH REPORT News of recent launches and forthcoming launch preparations. 174
SATELLITE DIGEST - 276 This month's listing of recent spacecraft launchings. Space Miscellany. 180
Correspondence A selection of readers' letters. 170
'COMMERCIAL LAUNCHERS' COMPETITION Books are prizes for this month's competition. HAND SHAKES IN SPACE. 179
VOL. 37 NO. 6 JUNE 1995
FIRST SHUTTLE-MIR LINK-UP The docking of Atlantis with Mir on mission STS-71 is previewed by Neville Kidger. 182
AN HISTORIC HAND-SHAKE IN SPACE Ed Hengeveld looks back at the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project and the docking of 17 July 1975. Features. 198
RUSSIAN SPACE SHUTTLE PROJECTS, 1957-1994, Part 2 Peter Pesavento has details of the unsuccessful 'space fighter' project of the 1960s to 1980s. 192
WOOMERA, Part 1 The remarkable story of a rocket range in the Australian outback is told by Isaac G. Boxx. 200
ROLE OF SPACE IN PRESERVING AND PROPAGATING LIFE Michael N. Mautner writes about space depositories and microbial life in the cosmos. 203
MAN AND ASTROMAN The Blue Ball. a play with a space theme by Paul Godfrey. is reviewed by Darren L. Burnham. News and Events. 208
THAGARD JOINS COSMONAUTS Neville Kidger continues Mir Mission Report with the arrival of the first American on Mir. 189
INTERNATIONAL Space Report Selected items of space news. 204
LAUNCH REPORT News of recent launches and forthcoming launch preparations. 206
SATELLITE DIGEST - 277 This month's listing of recent spacecraft launchings. Astronomy Arena. 216
MARS AT OPPOSITION: VENUS CLOUD TOPS New observations by the Hubble Space Telescope are presented. 196
CLEAR WEATHER ON MARS Patrick Moore takes a look at Mars and sums up the latest results. Space Miscellany. 197
Correspondence A selection of readers' letters. 210
'OBJECTS ON THE MOON' COMPETITION Videos are prizes for this month's competition. 215
VOL. 37 NO. 7 JULY 1995
I MEET THE MAN WHO BROUGHT THE V-2 TO RUSSIA Veteran Soviet space engineer Boris Chertok is interviewed by Peter Smolders. 218
MIR DOCKING PLANS MEET WITH SUCCESS Launches and dockings that precede the arrival of Atlantis are described by Neville Kidger. 221
RUSSIAN SPACE SHUTTLE PROJECTS, 1957-1994, Part 3 Peter Pesavento presents details of the Buran programme that surrounded its ascent and decline. Kennedy Space Center. 226
VISIT TO FLORIDA As one of many visitors to KSC. David Woods writes about fulfilling a lifetime's ambition. 234
KSC's OPERATIONS AND CHECKOUT BUILDING Gerard van de Haar and Luc van den Abeelen visit the technical heart of the Shuttle programme. Features. 237
NOW IS THE TIME TO TAKE - STEP 2! Daniel N. Mostrom has views on goals for space exploration and how to achieve them. 231
WOOMERA, Part 2 Isaac G. Boxx takes a look at the major activities at the Woomera range during its heyday. News and Events. 243
LAUNCH REPORT News of recent launches and forthcoming launch preparations. 248
SATELLITE DIGEST - 278 This month's listing of recent spacecraft launchings. Astronomy Arena. 252
SPACE PROBE DIARY An update on the status of Solar System investigations. 230
CHANGING WEATHER ON NEPTUNE New observations by Hubble Space Telescope are presented. 232
NEW VIEWS OF VESTA Patrick Moore highlights the importance of asteroids. 233
STS-67 MISSION REPORT: ASTRONOMY FROM THE SHUTTLE Roelof Schuiling reports on day-by-day astronomical research during this longest ever mission. 239
Space Miscellany.
Correspondence A selection of readers' letters. 247
'CASSINI SPACECRAFT' COMPETITION Videos are prizes for this month's competition. 251
VOL. 37 NO. 8 AUGUST 1995
SOVIET SPACE SECRETS James Oberg visits the Baikonur Museum and writes about secrets revealed and mysteries remaining. 254
LIFTING THE VEIL Dwayne A. Day sheds new light on US-Soviet space relations in the pre-Apollo era. 256
ASSURED ACCESS TO SPACE Roger G. Guillemette looks at Titan IV launchings of 'America's orbiting sentries'. Soviet/Russian Astronautics. 270
SOVIET ROCKETRY THAT CONQUERED SPACE, Part 1 Developments from the first ICBM to the launch of Sputnik are traced out by Timothy Varfolomeyev. 260
RUSSIAN SPACE SHUTTLE PROJECTS, 1957-1994, Part 4 Peter Pesavento reviews Russian aerospace plane developments since the demise of Buran News and Events. 264
A MIR MATTER OF CHANGE Things are happening at Mir as never before: Luc van den Abeelen highlights the changes. 273
MIRAS - A MISSION TO PLANET EARTH Theo Pirard provides details of an atmospheric monitoring payload to be attached to Mir. 273
HISTORIC MIR DOCKING Events on Mir and the historic docking by Atlantis are reported by Neville Kidger. 274
INTERNATIONAL Space Report A selection of items of space news. 279
SATELLITE DIGEST - 279 This month's listing of recent spacecraft launchings. Astronomy Arena. 288
THE MOON: OUR NEXT LOGICAL STEP ? Jordi L. Gutierrez rates the Moon as the most important Solar System body after the Earth. 267
INFRARED SPACE OBSERVATORY ESA's project for the infrared study of planets and galaxies is due for launch in September. 268
JETS FROM YOUNG STARS New Hubble results reveal the nature of jets of gas emitted during star formation. 268
NO ESCAPE TO TITAN ! Patrick Moore discusses Titan and a problem that looms in the distant future. Space Miscellany. 269
BIS NEWS From the British Interplanetary Society. 280
Correspondence A selection of readers letters. 281
SPACE COMPUTER SOFTWARE Items of computer software that are likely to be of interest to readers are described. 286
'ROCKET ENGINE' COMPETITION Videos are prizes for this month's competition. 287
VOL. 37 NO. 9 SEPTEMBER 1995
CHINA'S LONG MARCH FAMILY OF LAUNCH VEHICLES Technical details and status of seven launch vehicles are summarised by Hormuz P. Mama. 296
STAMPS WITH A STORY The first designs of the Vostok spacecraft owe much to the imagination writes Jeff Dugdale. 299
BUILDING ROCKETS Joel W. Powell visits McDonnell Douglas and sees how the famous Delta II launch vehicle is built. 306
PEERLESS VOYAGE The story behind the making of the Apollo 13 movie is told by Darren L. Burnham. News and Events. 319
SPACE TRANSPORTATION Theo Pirard at the Paris Air Show reports on global developments. 290
THREE EVAs FOR MIR DUO Neville Kidger continues Mir Mission Report and writes about a busy eight days for the two cosmonauts aboard Mir. 311
PSYCHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY NASA reaps in results of the effects of long duration space flight. Neville Kidger has the details. 312
LAUNCH REPORT News of recent launches and forthcoming launch preparations. 314
SATELLITE DIGEST - 280 This month's listing of recent spacecraft launchings. Astronomy Arena. 324
WIND SPACECRAFT NASA's programme to study the Sun's influence on the Earth is described by Roger G. Guillemette. 300
HORIZON 2000.... HORIZON 2000+ ESA has space science launches for late 1995 and is planning more up to 2016. 304
ULYSSES FINDS DIFFERENCES IN SOLAR WIND AT HIGH, LOW LATITUDES Solar wind results from this joint ESA/NASA mission are compared. 304
NEGLECTED MERCURY ! Patrick Moore writes about a fascinating little world that has been visited by only one spacecraft. Space Miscellany. 305
Correspondence A selection of readers' letters. 316
BIS NEWS From the British Interplanetary Society. 322
'AS IT HAPPENED - MOON LANDING' Richard Taylor reviews a recently released video about the Apollo programme. 322
'APOLLO 13 MISSION' COMPETITION Six video prizes are offered in this month's competition. 323
VOL. 37 NO. 10 OCTOBER 1995
COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITES.
HONOURS FOR SATELLITE VISIONARY A British Interplanetary Society meeting is held with NASA and BIS awards to Arthur C. Clarke. 329
THE ASTRA CONSTELLATION A private company brings TV to Europe with plans for digital TV writes Theo Pirard. 342
EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING A major role for satellite communications in the Asia-Pacific region is outlined by David Parry. 346
MILITARY SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS IN THE UK Dick Hams reviews the origins and development of the SKYNET satellite series. Feature. 348
OK HOUSTON, WHAT A MOVIE ! The Apollo 13 movie, recently released in the UK. is reviewed by Clive Simpson. News and Events. 357
SPACE TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS Theo Pirard at the Paris Air Show concludes his report on global developments. 326
FIRST ATLANTIS DOCKING MISSION: STS-71 MISSION REPORT A report by Roelof Schuiling from the Kennedy Space Center. 330
LAUNCH REPORT News of recent launches and forthcoming launch preparations. 335
COLUMBIA'S MICROGRAVITY MISSION: STS-73 PREVIEW Ben Evans has details of payloads and experiments planned for this 16-day shuttle mission. 337
SATELLITE DIGEST - 281 This month's listing of recent spacecraft launchings. Astronomy Arena. 359
Book Notices A selection of astronomy books likely to be of interest to readers. 340
COMET LANDING PLANNED FOR 2012 ESA's Rosetta comet mission becomes international with two comet landers. 341
UNRELIABLE COMETS Patrick Moore considers the significance of recent sightings of the comet Hale-Bopp. 341
Space Miscellany.
Correspondence A selection of readers' letters. 354
VOL. 37 NO. 11 NOVEMBER 1995
EUROMIR LIFT-OFF The launch on 3 September of ESA astronaut Thomas Reiter to Mir is seen by E. Rudolf van Beest. 362
MIR MISSION REPORT Events aboard the Mir space station are presented by Neville Kidger as EuroMir 95 gets underway. 364
MODULES AT MIR Lee Robert Caldwell summarises the steps taken to complete Mir's assembly of modules. 368
NEW MODULE FOR MIR Dennis Newkirk reports on a Russian module handed over to NASA for STS-74's Mir docking mission. 369
MIRAS OK AFTER EVA SUSPENSE How cosmonauts installed French-Belgium spectrometer. MIRAS. outside Mir is told by Theo Pirard. Features. 370
RADARSAT Canada. noted for the Shuttle's Canadarm. aims to be 'a number one' again writes Barry Shanko. 378
CANYON, RHYOLITE AND AQUACADE: US Signals Intelligence Satellites in the 1970's New information about these secret US satellites is revealed by Christopher Anson Pike. 381
MAJOR LAUNCH FAILURES In the Early Soviet Space Programme Launch failures of the Soviet era are summarised by Asif A. Siddiqi for eight early projects. News and Events. 393
UK NEWS Selected items of UK space news. 385
KEY SATELLITE IN ORBIT: STS-70 MISSION REPORT A report by Roelof Schuiling from the Kennedy Space Centre. 390
SATELLITE DIGEST - 282 This month's listing of recent spacecraft launchings. Astronomy Arena. 396
Space at JPL Dr William L. McLaughlin writes from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Califomia on: GALILEO APPROACHES JUPITER; SCIENCE FROM THE MOON. 371
WHAT ABOUT MERCURY ? What we know about the planet Mercury and what we need to know is discussed by George H. A. Cole. 374
TOTALITY - HERE AND THERE On Earth we can have a total solar eclipse. but what about on other planets asks Patrick Moore. 377
Book Notices A selection of astronomy books likely to be of interest to readers. Space Miscellany. 384
Correspondence A selection of readers' letters. 366
VOICES FROM THE SKY The BIS joins with NASA and Intelsat to honour Arthur C. Clarke. Clive Simpson reports. 386
SPACE SCHOOL BIS award recipient Chris Barclay writes about the Brunel School for Space Science. 389
'SPACECRAFT' COMPETITION An exquisite model of the shuttle Columbia is the prize. 395
VOL. 37 NO. 12 DECEMBER 1995
Spectacular EVA Space Missions.
EUROMIR 95 Neville Kidger follows ESA astronaut Thomas Reiters activities at Mir including an EVA. 402
NASA'S TWO-SATELLITE MISSION: STS-69 MISSION REPORT A report by Roelof Schuiling from the Kennedy Space Centre of a multifaceted mission with EVAs. Features. 414
LUNA-16 An outstanding achievement of Soviet Space Technology is recalled by E. Rudolf van Beest. 405
OS-10: AN ORBITAL SHELTER Mark Hempsell and Paul Kemp outline a design for a commercial space station project. 407
HEADSTONE HELP Cosmonauts' dates of birth and death have been tracked down by Bert Vis in an unusual way. 421
SPACE: PHILOSOPHY OF THE FUTURE Stephen Ashworth proposes a new world-philosophy centered on the vision of mankind's odyssey into the universe. News and Events. 426
NEW MOMENTUM FOR EUROPEAN SPACE Major and far-reaching decisions were taken at the recent ESA Ministerial Council meeting. 398
TELECOMMUNICATIONS SUMMIT AT GENEVA Theo Pirard reports from Telecom 95 on upcoming developments in satellite communications. 399
NORWAY HOSTS MAJOR EVENT Len Carter reports on the recent IAF Congress at which the BIS was well represented. 400
EUROPE'S WEATHER WATCH The Meteosat system is now controlled and operated by Eumetsat writes Clive Simpson. 425
ASTRONAUT NEWS From contributors Neville Kidger and Anne van den Berg. 425
HONOUR FOR APOLLO 13 COMMANDER Jim Lovell visits the White House to receive the Congressional Space Medal of Honor. 429
SATELLITE DIGEST - 283 This month's listing of recent spacecraft launchings. Astronomy Arena. 430
PLANET OF 51 PEGASI ? Patrick Moore comments on a recent claim to have detected an extra-solar planet. 413
SATURN MOON MYSTERY Hubble observations of Saturn's moons show some mysterious objects writes Richard Taylor. Space Miscellany. 413
Correspondence A selection of readers' letters. 408
Book Notices A selection of astronautics books likely to be of interest to readers. 420
'APOLLO 13 ROUND-UP' COMPETITION CD-ROM prizes are offered for this month's competition. 428
SURVIVAL TRAINING BEFORE APOLLO 13 Ed Hengeveld provides some unusual photos from the NASA archives. 429
SOCIETY ANNOUNCEMENTS. 431
INDEX FOR 1995. 432